| Package | Dosage | Price | Price per Dose | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dosage: 1% | ||||
| 5 tube | 1% | £37.96 | £7.59 | |
| 4 tube | 1% | £35.72 | £8.93 | |
| 3 tube | 1% | £31.26 | £10.42 | |
| 2 tube | 1% | £23.81 | £11.90 | |
| Dosage: 5% | ||||
| 5 tube | 5% | £93.04 | £18.61 | |
| 4 tube | 5% | £80.39 | £20.10 | |
| 3 tube | 5% | £66.99 | £22.33 | |
| 2 tube | 5% | £52.10 | £26.05 | |
Fluorouracil Description
Overview of Fluorouracil
Fluorouracil, often abbreviated as 5-FU, is a widely used chemotherapy medication primarily designed to treat various types of cancer. This substance belongs to the class of antimetabolites, which interfere with the DNA synthesis of rapidly dividing cells, including malignant ones. Due to its potent effects, Fluorouracil has been a staple in oncological treatment regimens for decades. It is commonly administered through injections, topical applications, or continuous infusion depending on the type and stage of the cancer being treated. The drug's effectiveness has been well documented, making it a vital component in the fight against cancer.
Mechanism of Action
Fluorouracil works by mimicking the naturally occurring nucleotide uracil, but with a fluorine atom attached. Once inside the body, it gets incorporated into RNA and DNA, disrupting their synthesis. Specifically, it inhibits the enzyme thymidylate synthase, which is crucial for DNA replication. This inhibition leads to a depletion of thymidine triphosphate, a building block of DNA, ultimately causing cell death. Cancer cells, which divide rapidly, are particularly affected, making Fluorouracil an effective chemotherapeutic agent. Despite its targeted action, normal cells are also impacted, which accounts for some of the drug's side effects.
Common Uses and Effectiveness
Fluorouracil is used in treating various cancers including colorectal, breast, stomach, and skin cancers. Its topical form is often prescribed for actinic keratosis and superficial basal cell carcinoma. When used systemically, it is typically combined with other chemotherapeutic agents to enhance efficacy and reduce resistance. The success of Fluorouracil depends on factors like dosage, administration route, and tumor type. Many patients experience significant tumor reduction and remission, especially when treatment is monitored carefully by healthcare professionals. However, response rates can vary, and some tumors develop resistance over time.
Administration and Dosage
The drug's administration depends on the specific condition being treated. Intravenous infusion is common for systemic therapy, often requiring hospitalization or outpatient clinics for proper supervision. In some cases, oral forms may be prescribed, but this is less common. Topical applications are used for skin lesions and involve direct application to affected areas. Dosage is carefully calculated based on the patient's body surface area, age, overall health, and kidney or liver function. Regular monitoring is essential during treatment to assess effectiveness and adjust dosing if necessary.
Potential Side Effects
While Fluorouracil is effective, it is associated with a range of side effects. Patients may experience nausea, vomiting, fatigue, or loss of appetite. Bone marrow suppression can lead to low blood counts, increasing the risk of infections and bleeding. Dermatological reactions such as rash, redness, and skin irritation are common, especially with topical use. More serious but less frequent side effects include gastrointestinal ulcers, neurologic symptoms, and allergic reactions. Due to these possible adverse effects, medical supervision is crucial during treatment to manage symptoms and prevent complications.
Precautions and Interactions
Before starting Fluorouracil, patients should inform their healthcare provider about any pre-existing conditions, especially liver or kidney problems. It is important to discuss all medications being taken, as certain drugs can interact with Fluorouracil, potentially reducing its efficacy or increasing toxicity. Patients should avoid alcohol during treatment and follow dietary and activity guidelines prescribed by their doctor. Pregnant and breastfeeding women are advised against using this medication due to potential harm to the fetus or infant. Regular blood tests are often necessary to monitor bone marrow function and overall health during therapy.
Storage and Handling
Proper storage of Fluorouracil is essential to maintain its stability and effectiveness. The medication should be kept in a secure location away from children and pets. For injectable forms, it must be stored in a refrigerator at the temperature specified by the manufacturer. Topical preparations should be kept in tightly sealed containers, protected from light and heat. Handling should be done with care, using gloves if necessary, to avoid accidental exposure. Any unused or expired medication should be disposed of according to medical guidelines to prevent misuse or environmental contamination.